http://www.nicolepasserotti.com/portfolio daily 1.0 2019-08-21 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512942971292-6D8UG2748BF1AYF4K6OB/Jr7h3hhF.jpeg Portfolio - SFMOMA CONSERVATION PUBLIC RADIO STORY https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1554082874580-3I3AHQOVKNHFJ1WV9OEU/thumbnail_ISA.png Portfolio - ISA 2018 Poster 42nd International Symposium on Archaeometry (ISA), Merida, Mexico, May 2018 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1554079668218-6OWTSTXKK5VABZY3XFHK/thumbnail_NATCC.jpg Portfolio - NATCC 2017 Poster 11th North American Textile Conservation Conference (NATCC) 2017 Mexico City, Mexico November, 2017. 1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512942883471-LMDFTXUAZ74HSMHNK395/thumbnail.png Portfolio - GYGAIA - 2015 NOTES FROM THE FIELD 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https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511744753499-NIDRDPY7K1VTABGG1QNG/IMG_4837+copy.JPG Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511747159077-3MLSQYK5U0R4I0X3RZ5T/IMG_3668.JPG Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511748371692-RPW9S9RBWJFAQ1R7JFSQ/AcidCleaning.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511748371744-0733BJWTM2YA0KOJ1RX8/Fieldwork.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511748372739-HDF5IKEQL0XZDUNKJP7Z/Lab_doors.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511748372842-XFGRU8UBEUR4LIS7Z0FD/Reconstruction.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511749852127-SACL5W7C8BXFS8VA29XS/Embroidery_Project2.JPG Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511749852831-7NYNZR87DTCZJUVZ2NLH/NicoleSewing.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511749850914-8IV2LJNFXHSIORJAAO7H/feather+fan4.JPG Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511749866245-GBOVHZSQ6NGSB1O0S6IJ/Courtyard1.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519959685085-BUOB0FB80SI46T71WCSZ/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.42.45+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio In addition to general outdoor sculpture maintenance at the PMA, I also assisted in the re-installation of the Rodin Museum in anticipation of the 100th year of Rodin's death. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519960719030-X2BUFHATQRMTMVCGVXZI/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.42.54+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The terrazzo pedestal required structural and aesthetic repairs. For structural repairs adhesive was injected into crumbling areas and clamped in place using wood blocks and plastic wrap. Structural fills were made using a two-part epoxy. Fills were integrated using Flugger and Golden acrylics. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519959693463-NUN7IS3TRC7B7JYKUFGL/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.43.03+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio A marble base was repaired using Hyxtal (NYL-1). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519960211000-ZIKXFZ74R7UNYNH9C8QH/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+10.08.59+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Curve I, Ellsworth Kelly Per the artist’s request, a yearly corrosion reduction and application of linseed oil mixed 1:2 (v:v) with mineral spirits is applied. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519960219284-6CRWMJRZHHS7DSWI4NGD/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+10.07.17+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Giant Three Way Plug (Cube Tap), Claes Oldenburg Rock Chair, Scott Burton https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519959696999-1JWFC2HOXMXT8YLKL2Z8/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.43.20+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Three Shades, Auguste Rodin The Monument of Victor Hugo, Auguste Rodin https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519961386273-VQOCJUX2D4N40DIWQA63/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.43.36+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio During my third year internship I had the opportunity to be trained and certified to operate a scissor lift. This training was in anticipation of assisting the PMA paintings conservators with the treatment of an approximately 30' x 50' Marc Chagall painted ballet backdrop. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519961845035-LFARTKOV3MEG8KMW5ZAJ/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+10.36.13+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio A Wheatfield on a Summer’s Afternoon needed to be cleaned and consolidated in order to be taken off display and shipped to Japan for a loan. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519961488086-LCJCXEDJOA2MQAUR3B5I/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+9.43.57+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The backdrop was cleaned using soft brushes, variable suction, and vulcanized rubber soot sponges. Due to the friable nature of the distemper paint, flaking areas were locally consolidated using Lascaux Medium. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520269430353-OB8IGKHXJQ2QGSNH1YO5/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+11.37.44+AM.jpg Portfolio The synthetic upholstery is very dirty and the bottom pad has one large, whitish tideline and one large dark stain. The painted metal chair has brown corrosion and scratches scattered throughout. The base is likely not original. It is dirty, scratched, and corroded. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520269430278-XCIS8MQ48DLIROK7WCIB/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+11.37.56+AM.jpg Portfolio After solvent testing, the upholstery was cleaned using cotton swabs with a 4% solution of tri-ammonium citrate in deionized water with Surfonic JL-80x. The corrosion on the black metal seat was reduced using fine steel wool and solvents. An 8% tannic acid solution followed by microcrystalline wax was then applied. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566351931613-RG6LAVNA6KWDDAE2AKMT/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.39.57+PM.jpg Portfolio This object is an 8th century Chinese earthenware ceramic with lead glaze. The tomb figure is decorated with the tricolor (sancai) associated with the Tang Dynasty (618-907) which is distinct in application (drips, pours, and splatters) and colors (amber, green, and straw/cream) of the glaze. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566353715771-CZAPO7DDD2X7OB4IE839/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+9.14.13+PM.jpg Portfolio The horse is overall structurally stable, but is in fair aesthetic condition. The figure was dirty and covered in visible old restorations and overpaint. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566352178586-XXXF0QBCN4QU55VRL02M/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.40.13+PM.jpg Portfolio There were many heavy handed re-constructions found at the ears and forelock, the lower section of the proper right saddle, and tail. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566352266209-4S66IFPZ21G3KTF72W38/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.40.28+PM.jpg Portfolio X-radiography revealed that the horse also has pins and ferrous metal rivets or staples in many areas like the legs, hooves, and tail. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566352370248-H4R24IJ72B3XHT9V87AF/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.40.36+PM.jpg Portfolio Thermoluminescence (TL) dating was completed, which required taking samples of ceramic in the dark by drilling small holes into unglazed and/or already damaged areas. The samples were sent to Oxford Authentication and the results were positive for a date range between 900 and 1500 years ago, which is an accurate range for the Tang dynasty. The tail was also sampled and dates to less than 100 years ago making it a more recent restoration. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566352558806-VHZ83F5WO04NRGY6FMVI/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.32.39+PM.jpg Portfolio The horse was cleaned using cotton swabs, poultices, and a combination of de-ionized water, ethanol, and a 2% citric acid solution at a pH of about 7. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519955656929-QWYB7MN5JNBWY1UTHF5E/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+8.44.34+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Old restoration materials were reduced as much as possible using similar materials and methods as well as bamboo skewers and scalpels. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566352931286-GNQNYC2KHHZ8Q39XBNVE/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.41.04+PM.jpg Portfolio (L to R) Tail Before, During, and After Treatment After layers of restoration materials was reduced a prior fill was then reshaped using Flugger and inpainted with Golden acrylics and acrylic gloss medium. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566353225627-A41M019N3GXKOXH66524/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.32.21+PM.jpg Portfolio (L to R) Before, During, and After Treatment After the old restoration was reduced and reshaped a new fill was created using Flugger, Golden acrylics, and pastels. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566350450103-FT503ZQ55XMBDIABIZE0/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.18.01+PM.jpg Portfolio Explaining the project to local undergraduate students as part of their art history curriculum. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566353280725-N4GSU6YX7B8NFHGKH7AU/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.41.17+PM.jpg Portfolio Forelock and ears Before Treatment https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566353314385-HTKZWO6Y7ZBFUGQSX8OS/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.42.13+PM.jpg Portfolio (L to R) Before and During treatment stages After old restoration materials were reduced the ears and forelock were reshaped with Flugger, Golden acrylics, and acrylic gloss medium. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566354098851-76RTAJ8NQ7F5SAKSF5T8/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+9.20.23+PM.jpg Portfolio (L to R) Before and During Treatment https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566350586459-6H6VH6YKKGSYQQH8V9IG/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+8.17.53+PM.jpg Portfolio The horse was re-installed in the newly renovated Chinese Galleries in February 2019. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566357139128-WSYJ89FS37X1C21EPRV3/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.10.58+PM.jpg Portfolio My thesis work at Buffalo involved working with the Seneca -Iroquois National Museum in Salamanca, NY. One aspect this work involved the treatment of a pair of moose hair embroidered moccasins. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566358242778-RGWG758BGASS4V5RD141/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.27.43+PM.jpg Portfolio The moccasin on the left is in relatively good condition in contrast to the one on the right. The goal was to create a better internal support system for both and to fill the losses of the right to match the overall look of the left moccasin. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566359344682-2NJAT31G4NM4Y63SQ6G3/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.47.24+PM.jpg Portfolio The moccasins were cleaned using a variable suction vacuum. These photo-macrographs show an area of embroidery before (left) and after (right) cleaning. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566359338002-1BHMP7NIUHILEB9ANDY4/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.47.14+PM.jpg Portfolio The loose and separating areas of leather were consolidated using BEVA gel and light pressure. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566359331089-3CBVOU0GXW0RCMTL766G/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.47.06+PM.jpg Portfolio Custom internal supports were sewn using Tyvek, felt, and polyester batting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566360667467-X3E47QXHF480IC7N9AC1/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+11.07.52+PM.jpg Portfolio Next, an internal heel was created by paring down alum tawed goat skin and sewing it to Tyvek support. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566360602565-WT9YERT6EHCGL6EC83EZ/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+11.07.37+PM.jpg Portfolio An exterior heel to help hold all of the loose pieces together and to create a cohesive look while on display was created. This outer heel was toned with dry pigments and microcrystalline wax. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520274141630-H3ZBGHYQB3PPA0LD54NE/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+1.11.09+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Here are before (left) and after (right) images of the right moccasin with the bottom consolidated and the exterior heel in place. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566360728119-5ROW2PI92SEC1RG18PLV/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+11.08.09+PM.jpg Portfolio The right moccasin before treatment (left), with the internal heel (middle), and with the exterior heel (right) in place. Neither heel was adhered or sewn to the moccasin and can be easily removed. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520274142731-FBI14VA0ECOJ223OG6AL/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+1.11.15+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Here are the before (top) and after (bottom) images of the right moccasin showing the improved support and profile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566364007493-AV7BPUXC8RZ38OTWU8R6/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.04.07+AM.png Portfolio The noticeable losses on the toe of the right moccasin were filled to the level of loss found on the left moccasin. The fills were created using cotton thread dyed with Orasol pigments. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566363997821-FTAIY3P4VBAQTCH46RRA/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.03.59+AM.png Portfolio The fills were adhered using a 1:1 Ethanol: Acetone B-72 solution. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566360894274-HYSC0DRXLKILWF7IM46F/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+11.08.48+PM.jpg Portfolio Here are the before (left) and after (right) images of the right moccasin with the cotton thread fills. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520274143763-KL0RR6W252PQU8NFHS3T/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+1.12.10+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Many aspects of material analysis were investigated during this treatment. The embroidery was originally thought to be porcupine quill. Scale impressions, polarized light microscopy, and SEM imaging confirmed that the embroidery was likely moose hair and not quill. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520274142470-Q7N65QWXAK4E9D8W1G5T/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+1.11.41+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The type of skin, tanning agents, and the presence of pesticides were also investigated. The skin was found to be alum tawed goat. Inorganic pesticides were not detected and the presence of organic pesticides was inconclusive. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520274143440-G1N126F5FGHRNP4H7OJP/Screen+Shot+2018-03-05+at+1.11.48+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The moccasins were micro-faded to test the light-fastness of the dyes. Blue Wool Standards 1 and 2 (shown here) were used to compare to the results. The fastest faders were found to be the red dyed cloth and orange dyed hair. . https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566358815536-FDQFMC52G74C4YY5E4OI/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.21.05+PM.jpg Portfolio In addition to a survey and treatment, another important aspect of this project was to establish an ongoing partnership between the Seneca -Iroquois National Museum and the Buffalo State art conservation program. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566358823888-84BVSX1IJ10P16154ZK7/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+10.21.11+PM.jpg Portfolio The moccasins are now on display (right) and a short video (left) that I produced explaining the conservation project is also on display at the museum. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566364899944-JRGXIEUDP7NSYNA4KSCP/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.20.19+AM.jpg Portfolio Aspects of the treatment work were shared as a poster at the 2017 11th North American Textile Conservation Conference (NATCC). Presentations about the overall project were given at the 2017 Conference of Indigenous Archives, Libraries, and Museums (ATALM) and the 2018 Western Association for Art Conservation (WAAC). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373533856-2NGUKIBWSN5WPXQ8DAF8/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.37.09+AM.jpeg Portfolio The PMA has one of the largest and most distinguished European portrait miniature collections in America. This sample set of images from the collection is meant to highlight how varied these small-scale portraits can be, but the images are not to scale. Many of these waxes are only a few inches in height while others are a foot tall. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373533818-9MQY22FFCQ5XVLVVJ5K1/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.37.17+AM.jpeg Portfolio As a Samuel H. Kress fellow at the PMA I completed a survey of 190 wax reliefs and sculptures, resulting in material analysis, historical research, the development of treatment protocols, and the co-curation of an exhibit highlighting manufacturing processes of wax sculpture. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373534888-S2BLT1H322ADMXV4VMU4/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.37.24+AM.jpeg Portfolio I worked closely with the post-doc curatorial fellow to establish consistent terminology and a 2 page (front and back) survey form that could be useful for both curatorial and conservation priorities for these complex, composite objects. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373535272-H4OLHHDLKBGDY0S32AK3/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.37.32+AM.jpeg Portfolio Each section had a dropdown menu. These options are linked in a separate tab on the survey worksheet. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566378901250-QVP387RFN0Q2RF2YULGN/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+4.14.07+AM.jpg Portfolio I worked with PMA scientists Beth Price and Kate Duffy on a group of 11 waxes selected for analysis. Seven of the 11 were selected for treatment and display. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373536255-T4IVOJAPAKIGAKVF7BIG/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.38.39+AM.jpeg Portfolio This small-scale Battle Scene by Ferdinand Neuberger is one of three that were hand modeled on top of a wire armature. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373537523-9M69GOIMOMS4NJBDRZUR/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.38.52+AM.jpeg Portfolio The layers of dust were removed using a stereomicroscope, a low suction vacuum with a small, plastic pipette tip attachment and a soft brush. Before treatment on the left and after cleaning on right. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373536591-IVOZ0SXF04RALNG8IMEQ/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.38.45+AM.jpeg Portfolio Before treatment on the left and after cleaning on right. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373537518-EI36MS16SVIPI4DQ7H8O/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.38.58+AM.jpeg Portfolio Through archival research I was able to locate two additional multiples at the V&A and The Royal Trust Collection of this mold made bust. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373539007-48UST0WZKKCALQ33X6J7/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.05+AM.jpeg Portfolio The Modular Cleaning System was used to remove embedded dirt and grime. Different solutions were tested (left image) before a solution of d.i. water buffered at pH8.5 plus a citric acid chelator was chosen. The solution was applied with a soft brush thorough small squares of Kimpwipe™ papers. This process helped control the flow of water and acted as a poultice to pull the grime into the paper. Each section was rinsed with the pH8.5 adjusted water using the same method. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373538930-Q842G0JYKEUB39UOZ8X0/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.11+AM.jpeg Portfolio The dark globs of brittle orange adhesive from a prior repair along the break were reduced using water, swabs, and a scalpel. Before, During, and After cleaning (L to R). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373559239-E7NQIA2GUCOGZTAY2GF8/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.23+AM.jpeg Portfolio After many tests, the fill was built up using multiple layers of lightweight Japanese paper interlaced with methylcellulose. The top layers of the fill are a combination of the tissue paper lightly dipped in melted beeswax and tinted with dry pigments to mimic the look and surface color of the bust. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373558372-R0E5GZFE8WYHT7AZDXIO/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.17+AM.jpeg Portfolio The layers of Japanese tissues interwoven with methylcellulose are all accessible from the bottom of the bust and the hope is that if it ever needs to be remove, you can introduce water from the bottom, gradually releasing the lower layers https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373559370-W0MA1Y3SN11P7LW62E64/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.30+AM.jpeg Portfolio Here are images of the bust before cleaning and adding the fill on the left and after treatment on the right. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373559785-QUWR5DQMLD9KB0GNQ0TD/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.35+AM.jpeg Portfolio This Basket of Flowers by an unknown English artist from the 19th C was severely damaged while in storage. 1943 (left) and 2018 (right). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373559925-GI9DBFULWXA8067WDKM2/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.41+AM.jpeg Portfolio After testing, the modular cleaning system with the same pH 8.5 + citric acid solution worked best for cleaning the embedded dirt of the surface. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373560198-C5L3P0B8SP4CCASF5HH0/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.46+AM.jpeg Portfolio The use of the small Kimwipe pieces to pull up the dirt made it easier to keep track of areas that were done or in progress. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373561015-CT2U35QZ48QARTS42ELB/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.52+AM.jpeg Portfolio Here are images of the basket before on the left and after treatment on the right. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373561216-P7QB5DGIK1UW60129TIT/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.39.56+AM.jpeg Portfolio Some small pieces were repaired using isinglass, and a few small structural support fills were made light-weight Japanese tissue paper was lightly dipped into melted beeswax. Before treatment (left) and After treatment (right). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373561564-BBN12RB9LLWG43I0WSQH/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.40.04+AM.jpeg Portfolio This project was an excellent opportunity to work with the PMA mount maker to update the mounts and remove some of the older plexi mounts. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373947213-V0L0L49U6ETPWW1A3W6R/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.40.09+AM.jpg Portfolio All of the treated waxes were installed in the case with their respective x-radiographs to encourage visitors to look more closely. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566377277433-LBUWED1UZ2JNU46ZCZ7G/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+3.46.57+AM.jpg Portfolio The x-radiographs highlight three distinct methods of manufacture: including hand modeled on top of a wire armature, a mold made bust, and a pre-fabricated basket model intended for amateur artists. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566380914508-27JIRF1ALCT1L91CE714/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.40.16+AM.jpg Portfolio The project was shared on the museum’s social media platforms- facebook, twitter, and Instagram- where you could scroll though a series of photos from the project. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566373985880-MAQ133KCT3SKH9HRGZT4/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+2.49.54+AM.jpg Portfolio The project was also presented at the 2019 AIC conference at an OSG/RATS session. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566365470328-IZ4S0555JVZHMHB6ST5G/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.28.18+AM.jpg Portfolio Lost wax cast, copper alloy, Ca. 600 B.C., 3 ¾” x 4” x ½” https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566365460170-VGRCPEOM3Y79U3QX1HTK/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.27.53+AM.jpg Portfolio Front, Before Treatment (left) and After Treatment (right). The dirt and accretions were mechanically reduced under magnification using a scalpel and stencil brush. A benzotriazole (BTA) solution was applied by brush to the surface of the bronze. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566365469130-IFL8B131QCRTD31IC6S8/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.28.02+AM.jpg Portfolio Back, Before Treatment: The areas that fluoresce using shortwave ultraviolet radiation (UVC) were tested for copper cyanide (CuCN) using a 5% ammonia hydroxide (NH4OH) solution. The presence of cyanide was confirmed using Micro-Attenuated Total Reflection (m-ATR) FTIR Spectroscopy. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566365469213-XTT2JTE8FN811Q4UIC8Q/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.28.08+AM.jpg Portfolio Back, After Treatment: The areas where copper cyanide was found, it was reduced using cotton swabs and a 5% ammonia hydroxide (NH4OH) solution. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566367012562-Q3WYIR7QCK2L307OVVZI/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+12.55.42+AM.jpg Portfolio Over the last several years I have been assisting my Buffalo professors Jiuan Jiuan Chen, Rebecca Ploeger, and Jonathan Thornton on the detection of copper (i) cyanide residues on antiquity bronze using ultraviolet radiation and FTIR. This work has been presented at the 2018 International Symposium on Archeometry (ISA) and the 2019 American Institute for Conservation (AIC) annual meeting. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566354843932-XQ1WKWF2FS9MYBPUNVYN/Screen+Shot+2019-08-20+at+9.33.14+PM.jpg Portfolio This American silver alloy, hollowware teapot with Japanese cloisonné enamel decoration is part of a three piece tête -à-tête. This is a one-of-a kind sample set by the Gorham Manufacturing Company (1831 - present) in Providence, Rhode Island. The service represents a 19th century American manufacturer collaborating with artists in Japan to create luxury goods for the American market. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967029117-AK04QQAE4Q3DXD3M8NQJ/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.02+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The butterfly finial has one completely restored wing, which is detached. The residue from the temporary wax repair was cleaned using ethanol and cotton swabs. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519968107422-6L152F9M38YB1CKF8BW5/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.31+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The excess solder was mechanically removed from the detached wing using magnification and a scalpel, and then re-attached. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967030558-LVOBKO7RLLLQSV37B5CD/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.10+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The detached wing was adhered using Acryloid B-48 N 40% w:v acrylic adhesive in acetone and was gently clamped in place. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967031948-KKND9C49MH8148IAVGJM/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.39+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The clamp was in place for 10 days to allow the solvent to fully evaporate and the adhesive to set. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967064668-HVE6WIRI2D4CROEZES01/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.48+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio After re-assembly, a slight asymmetry in the position of the two wings is evident upon close inspection. The asymmetry is due to the residual solder and placement of the previous repair as well as the challenges of creating a strong butt join onto the butterfly body. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967065547-S6RQM3EP9W2RYT60EIEZ/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.11.07+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio A photograph (not pictured) from the Gorham Manufacturing Co. archive indicates that the finial butterfly wings were originally in a more diagonal position displaying both sides of the enamel unlike the horizontal position as seen here. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1519967064699-VD21W5X8TU0MMEWA7UDS/Screen+Shot+2018-03-01+at+11.10.57+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio After discussion with the curator it was decided that the horizontal orientation of the wings should be maintained. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566383140697-3CJ47G2FY41ZT7C80K81/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+5.23.16+AM.jpg Portfolio After treatment, the set was ready to go on view. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520222979588-R405NZ5I1QJS2Q5K5AM1/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+11.09.05+PM.png Portfolio These two presidential assassination newsprints represent two different periods of paper manufacturing. They were treated using similar methods with some variations accounting for the brittleness of the 1881, wood pulp paper (right) compared to the more stable, 1865 rag fiber paper (left). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221597805-9LP9MUCHVTU4410W8P3H/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.39.44+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The newsprints exhibited surface soiling, overall discoloration, tears, paper losses and were affixed to poor quality mounts. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221598864-5H0L57LR1OPMC27HP5HK/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.40.01+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio After dry cleaning with a soft brush and foam sponges the mounts were removed. The more stable Lincoln newsprint was mechanically separated from the mount board using a scalpel, micro spatula, and mylar map. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520223433741-8OGT726IP6LUKA0YL4UB/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+11.15.21+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The newsprints were washed in a mylar tray against a blotter soaked in solvent. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566382433062-I01QCR7BE3F0V9IMFN3D/Screen+Shot+2019-08-21+at+5.12.01+AM.jpg Portfolio After solvent testing, a mixture of 1:3 ethanol to acetone was determined to be the most effective and the least toxic solution to reduce the old adhesive residue and staining. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221600934-T02IB6MFRXEO1RCPT28C/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.40.31+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The adhesive residue was leached into Whatman filter paper tabs by capillary action. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221602439-UKN5D8W8SX6PFMXOJF75/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.40.53+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Adhesive was removed from the newsprint and wicked into the Whatman filter paper. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221602164-S7IAFD95MER3W35BDLTU/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.40.44+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio The tears were repaired with Japanese tissue and wheat starch paste. The repairs were toned with a water-soluble stain to blend in with the newsprint. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1520221603066-TYNUYRBCZ712PCQIBEUN/Screen+Shot+2018-03-04+at+10.41.04+PM+copy.jpg Portfolio Here is a during and after treatment of the Lincoln assassination, 1865 rag fiber newsprint. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512965314631-YD487IKUQ7MFO20OFXLJ/20151026_165723+copy.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512968697828-31O8IXAP9F54J8YJ1ZFW/Screen+Shot+2017-12-11+at+12.01.23+AM.png Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1511752498447-IZ5O021WT9CDUU7JKAIX/NAMI_DRESS_square.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512967771042-JACIXDU7JCGS9846K7N7/weave_huck_03.jpg Portfolio https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1566379550653-HMUQRQW2CBUQWKQPL868/Screen%2BShot%2B2019-08-21%2Bat%2B3.46.57%2BAM.jpg Portfolio http://www.nicolepasserotti.com/kalw-conservation-story daily 0.75 2016-02-17 http://www.nicolepasserotti.com/about daily 0.75 2017-12-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512969079084-YTPNHYUPUZ3BS2RLR8CB/IMG_1769+copy.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512964179167-VTVKCHAZ8CHJ7VUK8NC4/IMG_4461.JPG ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512964184107-NZ3GRA0OP1UWHQMAWWA2/045+copy.JPG ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512964211148-XRBHHJ0XQK6MYSOSV2TO/IMG_8851+copy.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512964950512-ALIZ40LHJ6AH5NYI7DIT/DSCN3952.JPG ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1512965038159-V4BDLIDCHLCB4LJG27XR/IMG_7211.JPG ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746354651-ORCYOZSMCNI9N5FHZ3WG/Cantor4.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455851730255-X14JWMMSJQNXIDC76QQI/stanford_03.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746368058-ZLQGJAUZCOF9CNTNU0W4/Cantor6.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746352165-PJQNGXX2PMYVK3H25T1A/Cantor1.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746416617-QXVDXWOL01WVCTHJE3AL/Kaymacki2.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746373436-DI4R869L8SS7GZ23EDO9/deYoung.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746388419-IE1BY8GR9JTQOFTKGUO2/Kaymacki1.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746428155-H4U71BZ5U9AIKTGO9UU1/Kaymacki4.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746379505-YHQ6FTRZSZIZVB511UCM/Cantor7.JPG ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746564098-1ALZJED793IAX79U5F48/NMAI3.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746615029-OD8AB87BQXRO3DJX75KR/NMAII5.jpg ABOUT https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56a53d3657eb8d5bf3a7d006/1455746644242-GBIZ4SU6VQZUVWRV0B5V/Seatta.jpg ABOUT